The mass transfer is governed by the conservation of mass equation, which states that the rate of change of mass is equal to the sum of the mass fluxes into and out of the system. The conservation of mass equation is expressed as:
where T is the stress tensor, ρ is the fluid density, v is the fluid velocity vector, and ∇ is the gradient operator. The mass transfer is governed by the conservation
ρc_p(∂T/∂t + v⋅∇T) = ∇⋅(k∇T) + Q ρ is the fluid density
The momentum transfer is governed by the conservation of momentum equation, which states that the rate of change of momentum is equal to the sum of the forces acting on the fluid element. The conservation of momentum equation is expressed as: v is the fluid velocity vector